Compact Online Reference Encyclopedia (CORE)

Looking for information on a specific topic, training, rule, or process? Through one search here, you can find the information you need from ICAOS’ white papersadvisory opinions, bylaws, policies, Hearing Officer's Guidetraining modulesrules, helpdesk articles and the bench book. All results are cross-referenced with links to make navigation easy and intuitive.

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This on-demand training module illustrates the violation reporting process for offenders supervised in a receiving state and how this process impacts the sending state's obligation to retake an offender. Completion time is approximately 20 minutes.
Determining offender eligibility under the Compact requires a multi-prong analysis beginning with the broad definition of offender. An “offender” means “an adult placed under, or made subject to, supervision as a result of the commission of a criminal…
(a) No state shall permit an offender who is eligible for transfer under this compact to relocate to another state except as provided by the Compact and these rules.  (b) An offender who is not eligible for transfer under this Compact is not subject to…
Some federal statutes have their own enforcement mechanism through an express or implied cause of action in the federal statute itself. See Alexander v. Sandoval, 532 U.S. 275 (2001) (applying the test through which a court determines whether a statute…
Interstate Compacts are binding on signatory states, meaning once a state legislature adopts a Compact, it binds all agencies, state officials and citizens to the terms of that Compact. Since the very first Compact case, the U.S. Supreme Court has…
One of the principal purposes of the ICAOS is to ensure the effective transfer of offenders to other states and to oversee the return of offenders to the sending state through means other than formal extradition. To this end, the status of an offender as…
I. Authority The Executive Committee is vested with the power to adopt a policy on behalf of the Interstate Commission during periods when the Interstate Commission is not in session.  The Executive Committee oversees the day-to-day activities managed by…
I. Authority The Executive Committee is vested with the power to act on behalf of the Interstate Commission during periods when the Interstate Commission is not in session. The Executive Committee oversees the day to day activities managed by the…
Published November 1, 2013 The ICAOS Executive Committee has requested this ‘white paper’ resulting from several recent cases in which courts, prosecuting attorneys, and probation and parole officers have apparently lacked awareness or ignored the…
One of the key features of ICAOS is the Commission’s enforcement tools to promote state compliance with the Compact. The tools provided to the Commission are not directed at compelling offender compliance; such compliance is a matter for the member states…
Rules – means acts of the Interstate Commission, which have the force and effect of law in the compacting states, and are promulgated under the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision, and substantially affect interested parties in addition to…
Published September 2, 2011 At the request of the ICAOS Executive Committee resulting from several recent cases in which courts and other agencies have apparently lacked awareness or ignored the requirements of ICAOS and its rules in particular cases, the…
Whether an undocumented immigrant is subject to the Compact
Imposing fees on offenders transferring through the Compact
Sending State – means a state requesting the transfer of an offender, or which transfers supervision of an offender, under the terms of the Compact and its rules.
Application Fee – means a reasonable sum of money charged an interstate compact offender by the sending state for each application for transfer prepared by the sending state.
Arrival – means to report to the location and officials designated in reporting instructions given to an offender at the time of the offender’s departure from a sending state under an interstate compact transfer of supervision.
Whether officers can arrest and detain compact offenders for probation violations
Whether an offender subject to a deferred sentence is eligible for transfer under the Compact
Shall – means that a state or other actor is required to perform an act, the nonperformance of which may result in the imposition of sanctions as permitted by the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision, its by-laws and rules.
Whether offenders sentenced to home detention programs are eligible for transfer under the Compact
Whether offenders subject to Washington’s “deferred prosecution” statute are eligible for transfer under the Compact
Whether offenders who seek to reside in federal housing are eligible for transfer under the Compact
Whether an offender whose supervision was never transferred and who subsequently absconds supervision is subject to retaking under the terms of the Compact
Whether a California statute classifying offenders as not subject to supervision or revocation are eligible for transfer under the Compact
Whether an offender granted a conditional pardon and moved to a secure treatment facility is eligible for transfer under the Compact
Special Considerations for Litigation Involving Interstate Commissions
As a general proposition, convicted persons enjoy no right to interstate travel or a constitutionally protected interest to supervision in another state. See Jones v. Helms, 452 U.S. 412, 418-20 (1981); Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 874 (1987); U.S…
Of the powers of the Commission, none is more unique and all encompassing than its rulemaking authority. The rules promulgated by the Commission have the force and effect of statutory law within member states and therefore must be given full effect by all…
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