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Bench Book - 2.7 Adoption and Withdrawal

Like other interstate Compacts, the ICAOS inaugurated when state legislatures enacted statutes that adopted the provisions of the agreement. For the ICAOS, the Compact required adoption by thirty-five states to become active. Unlike some Compacts that are created through Executive Orders or delegated authority to state officials, the ICAOS was initiated by passing statutes that closely mirrored the draft Compact and included all relevant provisions. The following states adopted the ICAOS:

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
District of Columbia
United States
Ala. Code § 15-22-1-1 (2004)
ALASKA STAT. §33-36-3 (2004)
ARIZ. REV. STAT. § 31-467 (2004)
A.C.A. § 12-51-101 (2004)
CAL. PENAL CODE § 11180 (2004)
COLO. REV. STAT. §§ 24-60-2802 (2004)
CONN. GEN. STAT. § 54-133 (2004)
DEL. CODE ANN. tit. 11, §§ 4358 & 4359 (2004)
FLA. STAT. ANN. 949-07 (2004)
GA. CODE ANN. § 42-9-81 (2004)
HAW. REV. STAT. § 353B-1 (2004)
IDAHO CODE § 20-301 (2004)
45 ILL. COMP. STAT. 170 (2004)
IND. CODE 11-13-4.5 (2004)
IOWA CODE § 907B-2 (2004)
KAN. STAT. ANN.§ 22-4110 (2004)
KY. REV. STAT. ANN. § 439-561 (2004)
LA. REV. STAT. ANN. § 15-574-31 (2004)
ME. REV. STAT. ANN. tit. 34-A, § 9871, et seq. (2004)
MD. CODE ANN. CORRECT. SERV. § 6-201, et seq. (2004)
MA GEN L CH 127 SECTION 151a-n (2005)
MICH. CONS. LAWS. § 3-1012 (2004)
MINN. STAT. ANN. § 243.1605 (2004)
MISS. CODE ANN. § 47-7-81 (2004)
MO. REV. STAT. § 589.500 (2004)
MONT. CODE ANN. § 46-23-1115 (2004)
NEB. REV. STAT. § 29-2254 (2004)
NEV. REV. STAT. § 213-215 (2004)
N.H. REV. STAT. ANN. § 651-A:29 (2004)
N.J. STAT. ANN. § 2A:168-26 (2004)
N.M. STAT. ANN. § 31-5-20 (2004)
N.Y. EXEC. LAW § 259-mm (2004)
N.C. GEN. STAT. § 148-4B (2004)
N.D. CENT. CODE § 12-65-01 (2004)
OHIO REV. CODE §5149-21 (2004)
OKLA. STAT. tit. 22 § 1091, et seq. (2004)
OR. REV. STAT. §144-600 (2004)
61 PA. CONS. STAT. § 324.1 (2004)
(P. del S. 2141), 2004, ley 208
R.I. GEN. LAWS § 13-9.1-1 (2004)
S.C. CODE ANN. § 24-21-1100 (2003)
S.D. CODIFIED LAWS § 24-24-16A (2004)
TCA § 40-28-401 (2004)
TEXAS GOV’T CODE ANN. § 510.00, et seq. (2004)
UTAH CODE ANN. § 77-28C-103 (2004)
VT. STAT. ANN. tit. 22 § 1351 (2004)
VA. CODE ANN. §§ 53.1-172 & 53.1-174 (2004)
Act No. 6730, Bill No. 26-0003
WASH. REV. CODE § 9-94A-745 (2004)
W. VA. CODE § 28-7-1, et seq. (2004)
WIS. STAT. § 304-16 (2004)
WYO. STAT. ANN. § 7-13-423 (2004)
D.C. CODE § 24-133 (2004)
Pub. L. No. 73-293, 48 Stat. 909, 4 U.S.C. § 112(A) (2004)

Withdrawal from the Compact is permitted pursuant to Article XII, § A of the agreement. A state may withdraw by enacting a statute specifically repealing the agreement. The effective date of withdrawal is the effective date of the repeal, provided that repealing the agreement does not relieve a state of any pending financial obligations it may have to the Commission. Therefore, a state could not avoid paying assessments, obligations or other liabilities, including any financial penalties imposed by the Commission or a court simply by repealing the agreement. Such obligations would extend beyond the date of any repeal and would be subject to judicial enforcement even after a state has withdrawn from the ICAOS.

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