Compact Online Reference Encyclopedia (CORE)

Looking for information on a specific topic, training, rule, or process? Through one search here, you can find the information you need from ICAOS’ white papers, advisory opinions, bylaws, policies, Hearing Officer's Guide, training modules, rules, helpdesk articles and the bench book. All results are cross-referenced with links to make navigation easy and intuitive.

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State Council Report
Enhancement #3 - Selecting CARs - WITHDRAWN
WITHDRAWN Proposal to modify/enhance ICOTS application: Allow Users to Select the Specific CAR and Multiple CARs to Which They Are Replying Proposed by: Technology Committee (via DCA Liaison Committee)Enhancement No:…
Bench Book - 3.2.1.6.2 Deferred Prosecution
Some states may use a “sentencing” option referred to as deferred prosecution. Such sentences, which are generally authorized by a state’s statutes, allow the offender to admit under oath or stipulate to the facts of the criminal conduct, but defer…
Bench Book - 1.7.1 Relief Must Be Consistent with the Compact
In Texas v. New Mexico, the Supreme Court sustained exceptions to a Special Master’s recommendation to enlarge the Pecos River Compact Commission, holding that one consequence of a Compact becoming “a law of the United States” is that “no court may order…
Bench Book - 5.3.6 Qualified Immunity
Government officials sued in their individual capacity have what is known as qualified immunity from suits for damages to the extent that their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person…
Enhancement #4 - CAR Specialization for Travel Permits
Proposal to modify/enhance ICOTS application: Add New CAR Specialization for Travel Permits (consider/suggest additional indicators) with Indicator to be included in Email Subject (as described in 05_CommentPreviewinCAREmails_Technology) Proposed by:…
Rule 5.103-1 - Mandatory retaking for offenders who abscond
(a) Within 15 business days of receipt of an absconder violation report and case closure, the sending state shall issue a warrant and, upon apprehension of the offender, file a detainer with the holding facility where the offender is in custody. (b) If an…
Chapter 1 - General Law of Interstate Compacts
Overview The legal environment for Compacts involves an amalgamation of Compact texts and case law from federal and state courts throughout the country. Because there are relatively few court decisions establishing legal principles in any particular court…
Bench Book - 5.3.1 Eleventh Amendment Immunity
Under the Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution, “[t]he Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State…
Bench Book - 1.1 Who Must Comply with an Interstate Compact?
Interstate Compacts are binding on signatory states, meaning once a state legislature adopts a Compact, it binds all agencies, state officials and citizens to the terms of that Compact. Since the very first Compact case, the U.S. Supreme Court has…
On-Demand - ICAOS 204 Probable Cause Hearings-Rule 5.108
When possibly subject to revocation in the sending state for violations (excluding new convictions) committed in the receiving state, compact offenders are ENTITLED to a probable cause hearing near where the alleged violations occurred prior to retaking.…
Turran Blazier / Indiana / August 26, 2020
Ms. Blazier has served in her role with the Indiana Office of Court Services (IOCS) for 12 years. She continues to represent IOCS and the Justice Services Division in a professional manner when working with other states and outside agencies. She is…
2020 Annual Business Meeting Docket Book
2020 Annual Business Meeting Docket Book From around the country, Commission members will gather for the 2020 Annual Business Meeting to conduct business, participate in training and network with colleagues all through a virtual meeting platform.…
Bench Book - 5.2.1.2 Constitutional Violations Related to ICAOS
That the Compact itself does not create a private right of action does not mean that offenders subject to it are left without a remedy under Section 1983. Instead, it means that their complaints must be framed as violations of a right enumerated in the…
Victim Support
  The Interstate Commission for Adult Offender Supervision (ICAOS) is proud to partner with the National Organization for Victim Assistance (NOVA) to ensure victims of crime are treated with dignity, fairness and respect, and to promote victims’ rights…
Bench Book - 3.2.2.1 Out-of-state Treatment
One area for potential confusion centers on the issue of treatment in lieu of supervision or treatment as supervision. In such cases, courts may be inclined to defer sentence and require enrollment in a community based or in-house treatment program in…
Bench Book - 1.8 Party State, Interstate Commission, and Third-Party Enforcement Compacts
Some Compacts authorize the interstate commission to seek judicial action to enforce the Compact against a party state. Article XII.C of the ICAOS is a good example. See Interstate Comm’n for Adult Offender Supervision v. Tennessee Bd. of Prob. &…
Rule 5.107 - Officers retaking an offender
(a) Officers authorized under the law of a sending state may enter a state where the offender is found and apprehend and retake the offender, subject to this compact, its rules, and due process requirements. (b) The sending state shall be required to…
Crystal Maples / Kansas / February 1, 2021
As a PO in Travis County, Texas, I monitor a case with a high profile victim, and the offender is transferred to Kansas. On 1/20/21, we received communication from a third party indicating that the offender was sending a large number of alarming emails.…
White Paper - Legal Implications of the Interstate Compact Offender Tracking System (ICOTS)
Published December 19, 2018 At the request of the Interstate Commission for Adult Offender Supervision’s (ICAOS) Executive Committee, the following legal analysis has been prepared in order to serve as a resource documenting the legal implications of the…
ABM Docketbook Page - Minutes
Enhancement #6 - Rejected Case Notifications
Proposal to modify/enhance ICOTS application: Update Rejected Case Notifications Proposed by: Technology Committee (via VA)Enhancement No: ER_2020_06_UpdateRejectedCaseNotifications_Technology Users Impacted: PO (Field User), Supervisor, Compact Office,…
Hearing Officer's Guide - III. Retaking Based on Violations that Occur in the Receiving State
Where the retaking of an offender is based on a violation of the conditions of supervision in the receiving state and such violation is likely to form the basis for revocation of community supervision in the sending state, the following additional…
White Paper - Discharge of Sentences in Lieu of Retaking is a Violation of the Compact and the ICAOS Rules
Published November 1, 2013 The ICAOS Executive Committee has requested this ‘white paper’ resulting from several recent cases in which courts, prosecuting attorneys, and probation and parole officers have apparently lacked awareness or ignored the…
Bench Book - 5.2.1.5 Official Capacity versus Individual Capacity
Plaintiffs can bring Section 1983 actions against defendants in their official capacity or in their individual capacity. Defendants sued in their official capacity will generally be immune from suits for money damages under the Eleventh Amendment to the…
Guidelines for Resolving Compliance Issues 03-2008
I. Authority The Executive Committee is vested with the power to adopt a policy on behalf of the Interstate Commission during periods when the Interstate Commission is not in session. The Executive Committee oversees the day-to-day activities managed by…
Bench Book - 5.3.1.2 No Protection for Local Governments
Eleventh Amendment immunity does not extend to the political subdivisions of a state (its municipalities and counties) or to the officers and employees of those subdivisions. Mt. Healthy Sch. Dist. Bd. of Educ. v. Doyle, 429 U.S. 274 (1977). Those…
Bench Book - 1.6 Application of State Law that Conflicts with an Interstate Compact
Where state law and a Compact conflict, courts are required under the Supremacy Clause (for Compacts with consent) and as a matter of contract law to apply the terms and conditions of the Compact to a given case. The fact that a judge may not like the…
Bench Book - 5.2.2.1 Tort Claims by Offenders
Offenders will sometimes allege that officers were negligent in carrying out their duties under the Compact. For example, in Grayson v. Kansas, No. 06-2375-KHV, 2007 WL 1259990, at *1 (D. Kan. Apr. 30, 2007), a probationer transferred under the Compact…
Rule 3.101-2 - Discretionary transfer of supervision
(a) A sending state may request transfer of supervision of an offender who does not meet the eligibility requirements in Rule 3.101, where acceptance in the receiving state would support successful completion of supervision, rehabilitation of the offender…
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