Compact Online Reference Encyclopedia (CORE)

Looking for information on a specific topic, training, rule, or process? Through one search here, you can find the information you need from ICAOS’ white papersadvisory opinions, bylaws, policies, Hearing Officer's Guidetraining modulesrules, helpdesk articles and the bench book. All results are cross-referenced with links to make navigation easy and intuitive.

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A key objective of the ICAOS is to facilitate the effective transfer of supervised individuals between states and to manage their return to the sending state through mechanisms other than formal extradition. Consequently, a supervised individual's status…
ICAOS Rules 4.111 and 5.103 also require sending states to issue nationwide arrest warrants for absconders who fail to return to the sending state in no less than fifteen (15) business days. Warrant requirements apply to supervised individuals who fail to…
A supervised individual convicted of a new conviction in the receiving state forming the basis for retaking is not entitled to further hearings, the conviction being conclusive as to the status of the individual’s violations of supervision and the right…
The Compact necessarily involves supervised individuals moving across state lines. Therefore, considerations of different courts’ personal jurisdiction over the parties to a suit might come into play. Unfortunately, different courts have reached different…
One area for potential confusion centers on the issue of treatment in lieu of supervision or treatment as supervision. In such cases, courts may be inclined to defer sentence and require enrollment in a community-based or in-house treatment program in…
Rule 4.107 permits the collection of fees from individuals subject to the Compact. Specifically, Rule 4.107(a), allows the sending state to impose a transfer application fee, while Rule 4.107(b) authorizes the receiving state to impose a supervision fee.…
The ICAOS was written to address problems and complaints with the ICPP. Chief among the problems and complaints were: Lack of state compliance with the terms and conditions of the ICPP; Enforceability of its rules given there was no enforcement mechanism…
Edit Compact Office Administrator Function Available to state administrators, 'Edit Compact Office' (available to state administrators) allows for edits to compact office contact information and to change the Compact Office Designee which…
As previously discussed, supervised individuals do not have a constitutional right to travel, and states are not constitutionally required to accept supervised individuals from other states. Consequently, the ICAOS is the sole mechanism by which states…
The 'Tolling' indicator, utilized and managed by a sending state, illustrates a case is placed in "Tolling" status by the sending state's sentencing authority. Sending states must ensure the supervision end date is always a future…
Reporting Instructions provide permission for a supervised individual to proceed to a receiving state during the transfer investigation.  Not all transfers qualify for reporting instructions. Sending states determine whether a supervised individual…
Some federal statutes have their own enforcement mechanism through an express or implied cause of action in the federal statute itself. See Alexander v. Sandoval, 532 U.S. 275 (2001) (applying the test through which a court determines whether a statute…
The Commission recognizes that the transfer of sex offenders is complex due to individual state laws regarding sex offender registries and various residency and employment restrictions. Rule 3.101-3 addresses these challenges in order to promote…
The Commission concentrated its audit resources in FY23 on ICOTS data integrity to ensure that the data contains accurate and reliable information for our internal and external partners. Given the FY23 audit findings, the Compliance and Executive…
Progress Reports provide status and supervision updates to the sending state.  Receiving states should submit detailed Progress Reports regularly and within 30 calendar days when requested by the sending state.  See Rule 4.106 Use Progress Reports to…
While the Compact does not create a private right of action, this does not leave supervised individuals without recourse under Section 1983. Instead, their claims must be framed as violations of constitutionally protected rights. There are numerous…
On September 29, 2021, the Commission approved several Rule Amendments and ICOTS enhancements to be implemented on April 1, 2022.  ICOTS Enhancements supplementing these rules launch June 1, 2022.  Details can be accessed on the ABM archive page.…
Follow up to the FY22 transfer assessment and ABM sessions, this training will cover the various uses of the Transfer Decision Dashboard and uses for improving acceptance rates.  This report provides states analysis opportunities to identify areas for…
    Training Bulletin 1-2021i - Reporting Instructions Processing for Living in Receiving State at the Time of Sentencing Effective February 2, 2021 Re: Rule 3.103 (a)(1) States are REQUIRED to adhere to timeframes in Rule 3.103, including sending the…
The Compact Action Requests Transmitted lists Compact Action Requests transmitted within a selected date range.  These reports can assist states in identifying cases in need of a requested Progress Report, Compact Action Requests in need of a reply (or…
(a) Except as provided in sections (c) & (d), and subject to the exceptions in Rule 3.103 and 3.106, a sending state seeking to transfer a supervised individual to another state shall submit a completed transfer request with all required information…
I. Authorization Article I of the ICAOS BYLAWS provides that, the Commission “is established to fulfill the objectives of the Compact” through “the promulgation of binding rules and operating procedures” governing “oversight and coordination of offender…
Transfers are classified into two categories, (1) mandatory acceptance and (2) discretionary acceptance. The authority to transfer a supervised individual to another state lies solely with the sending state. See Rule 3.101. The supervised individual does…
Courts and paroling authorities have wide latitude in imposing conditions. Generally, a condition imposed as a part of probation or parole must be reasonably related to the underlying offense, promote the individual’s rehabilitation, not unreasonably…
On September 20, 2023, the Commission approved a Rule Amendment to Rule 5.108(f) effective March 1, 2024.  Commissioners, Deputy Compact Administrators and Compact Staff are invited to join a training session to recap the justification and practical…
Is there a standard waiver for a probable cause hearing? No. States should follow the elements of a waiver that inform the supervised individual of the consequences of a waiver in writing to prevent any question as to the voluntary nature of the admission…
Principal among the provisions of the ICAOS are the waiver of formal extradition requirements for returning supervised individuals who violate the terms and condition of their supervision. The ICAOS specifically provides that: The Compacting states…
(a) A supervised individual subject to retaking that may result in a revocation shall be afforded the opportunity for a probable cause hearing before a neutral and detached hearing officer in or reasonably near the place where the alleged violation…
Whether Rule 5.108 permits the use of 2-way closed circuit video for conducting probable cause
What is Case & Offender Management? Administrative functions for case and offender management assure the Commission’s internal and external partners that the ICOTS data contains information that is accurate, valid, and reliable.  Per the ICOTS…
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