Compact Online Reference Encyclopedia (CORE)

Looking for information on a specific topic, training, rule, or process? Through one search here, you can find the information you need from ICAOS’ white papers, advisory opinions, bylaws, policies, Hearing Officer's Guide, training modules, rules, helpdesk articles and the bench book. All results are cross-referenced with links to make navigation easy and intuitive.

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Definition - Sending State
Sending State – means a state requesting the transfer of a supervised individual, or which transfers supervision of a supervised individual, under the terms of the Compact and its rules.
Bench Book - 2.3 General Principles Affecting Interstate Movement of Supervised Individuals
As a general proposition, convicted persons enjoy no right to interstate travel or a constitutionally protected interest to supervision in another state. See Jones v. Helms, 452 U.S. 412, 418-20 (1981); Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868, 874 (1987); U.S…
Rule 3.108-1 - Victim Notification and Requests for a Supervised Individual's Information
(a) Notification to victims upon transfer of supervised individuals—Within 1 business day of the issuance of reporting instructions or acceptance of transfer by the receiving state, the sending state shall initiate notification procedures to victims of…
Rule 5.104 - Cost of Retaking a Supervised Individual
A sending state shall be responsible for the cost of retaking the supervised individual. History: Adopted November 4, 2003, effective August 1, 2004, amended September 11, 2024, effective November 1, 2024
Rule 5.105 - Time Allowed for Retaking a Supervised Individual
A sending state shall retake a supervised individual within 30 calendar days after the individual has been taken into custody on the sending state’s warrant and is held solely on the sending state’s warrant. History: Adopted November 4, 2003, effective…
Bench Book - 3.4.2.1 Disabled Supervised Individuals
A receiving state is obligated to continue supervising individuals “who become mentally ill or exhibit signs of mental illness or who develop a physical disability while under supervision in the receiving state.” See Rule 2.108. Therefore, it would be…
Chapter 4 - Returning Offenders to the Sending State
White Paper - Legal Implications of Remote Hearings in Relation to ICAOS Rules
At the request of the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision’s (“ICAOS”) Executive Committee, and following a roundtable discussion with various ICAOS stakeholders, the following legal analysis has been prepared to serve as a resource…
Rule 4.111 - Supervised Individuals Returning to the Sending State
(a) For a supervised individual returning to the sending state, the receiving state shall request reporting instructions, unless the individual is under active criminal investigation or is charged with a subsequent felony or violent crime in the receiving…
Rule 5.103 - Supervised Individual Behavior Requiring Retaking
(a) Upon a request by the receiving state and documentation that the supervised individual’s behavior requires retaking, a sending state shall issue a warrant to retake or order the return of the individual from the receiving state or a subsequent…
Rule 5.101 - Discretionary Retaking by the Sending State
(a) Except as required in Rules 5.101-1, 5.102, 5.103 and 5.103-1 at its sole discretion, a sending state may order the return of a supervised individual.  The sending state must notify the receiving state within 15 business days of their issuance of the…
Rule 4.104 - Supervised Individual Registration or DNA Testing in Receiving or Sending State
A receiving state shall require that a supervised individual transferred under the interstate compact comply with any registration and DNA testing requirements in accordance with the laws or policies of the receiving state and shall assist the sending…
Rule 4.106 - Progress Reports on Supervised Individual Compliance and Non–Compliance
(a) A receiving state shall submit a progress report to the sending state within 30 calendar days of receiving a request. (b) A receiving state may initiate a progress report to document compliant or noncompliant behavior for supervised individuals that…
Bench Book - 4.9 Revocation or Punitive Action by the Sending State – Conditions
For purposes of revocation or other punitive action, a sending state is required to give the same force and effect to the violation of a condition imposed by the receiving state as if the condition had been imposed by the sending state. Furthermore, the…
Bench Book - 4.7.3.2 Probable Cause Hearings when Violations Occurred in another State
Where the retaking of a supervised individual may result in revocation of conditional release by the sending state, the individual is entitled to the basic due process considerations that are the foundation of the Supreme Court’s decisions in Morrissey…
Bench Book - 4.6.1 Arrest of Absconders Who Fail to Return to Return to Sending State as Ordered
ICAOS Rules 4.111 and 5.103 also require sending states to issue nationwide arrest warrants for absconders who fail to return to the sending state in no less than fifteen (15) business days. Warrant requirements apply to supervised individuals who fail to…
Bench Book - 3.4.2.2 Continuing Jurisdiction over Supervised Individuals Between the Sending & Receiving States
Transferring an individual’s supervision through the Compact does not deprive the sending state of jurisdiction over the individual unless the record indicates that the sending state intended to relinquish jurisdiction. See, e.g., Scott v. Virginia, 676 S…
Rule 5.101-2 - Discretionary Process for Disposition of Violation in the Sending State for a New Crime Conviction
Notwithstanding any other rule, a sentence imposing a period of incarceration on a supervised individual convicted of a new crime which occurred outside the sending state during the compact period may satisfy or partially satisfy the sentence imposed by…
Bench Book - 4.5 Discretionary Disposition of Violation
As previously discussed, Rule 5.102 requires the sending state to retake a supervised individual for a new felony or violent crime conviction after the individual’s release from incarceration for the new crime. This can lead to a significant delay between…
Bench Book - 4.3 Retaking
As previously noted, Article I of ICAOS authorizes officers from a sending state to enter a receiving state, or any state where a supervised individual has absconded, for the purpose of retaking. Except for limited exceptions, the decision to retake lies…
Bench Book - 4.7.3.1 When a Probable Cause Hearing is Not Required
A supervised individual convicted of a new conviction in the receiving state forming the basis for retaking is not entitled to further hearings, the conviction being conclusive as to the status of the individual’s violations of supervision and the right…
Rule 3.108 - Victims’ Right to be Heard and Comment
(a) When an supervised individual submits a request to transfer to a receiving state or a subsequent receiving state, or to return to a sending state, the victim notification authority in the sending state shall inform victims of the supervised individual…
Rule 3.106 - Request for Expedited Reporting Instructions
(a) A sending state may request that a receiving state agree to expedited reporting instructions for a supervised individual if the sending state believes that emergency circumstances exist and the receiving state agrees with that determination. If the…
Rule 3.103 - Reporting Instructions; Supervised Individual Living in the Receiving State at the Time of Sentencing or After Disposition of a Violation or Revocation Proceeding
(a) A request for reporting instructions for a supervised individual who was living in the receiving state at the time of initial sentencing or after disposition of a violation or revocation proceeding shall be submitted by the sending state within 7…
Bench Book - 4.6 Arrest of Absconders
Upon receiving a violation report for an absconding supervised individual, the sending state must issue a national arrest warrant once notified of the individual's absconding status. If the absconding individual is apprehended in the receiving state, the…
Rule 3.101-3 - Transfer of Supervision of Sex Offenders
(a) Eligibility for Transfer—At the discretion of the sending state a sex offender shall be eligible for transfer to a receiving state under the Compact rules. A sex offender shall not be allowed to leave the sending state until the sending state’s…
Rule 5.103-1 - Mandatory Retaking for Supervised Individuals Who Abscond
(a) Within 15 business days of receipt of an absconder violation report and case closure, the sending state shall issue a warrant and, upon apprehension, file a detainer with the holding facility where the supervised individual is in custody. (b) If a …
Hearing Officer's Guide - V. Frequently Asked Questions
Is there a standard waiver for a probable cause hearing? No. States should follow the elements of a waiver that inform the supervised individual of the consequences of a waiver in writing to prevent any question as to the voluntary nature of the admission…
Rule 4.108 - Collection of Restitution, Fines and Other Costs
(a) A sending state is responsible for collecting all fines, family support, restitution, court costs, or other financial obligations imposed by the sending state on a supervised individual. (b) Upon notice by the sending state that the supervised…
Rule 4.110 - Transfer to a Subsequent Receiving State
(a) At the request of a supervised individual for transfer to a subsequent receiving state, and with the approval of the sending state, the sending state shall prepare and transmit a request for transfer to the subsequent state in the same manner as an…
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