Compact Online Reference Encyclopedia (CORE)

Looking for information on a specific topic, training, rule, or process? Through one search here, you can find the information you need from ICAOS’ white papers, advisory opinions, bylaws, policies, Hearing Officer's Guide, training modules, rules, helpdesk articles and the bench book. All results are cross-referenced with links to make navigation easy and intuitive.

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Introduction - ICAOS Rules
The Interstate Commission for Adult Offender Supervision (ICAOS) promulgates rules under Articles V and VIII of the Compact to improve outcomes and promote collaboration among member states. ICAOS aims to establish a uniform system that applies to all…
Hearing Officer's Guide - Introduction
This guide outlines due process procedures for retaking under the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision (ICAOS). This guide is not an exhaustive legal review given the unique nature of violation cases. Each state may have procedural variations…
Rule 3.104 - Time Allowed for Investigation by Receiving State
(a) A receiving state shall complete an investigation and respond to a sending state’s request for a supervised individual’s transfer of supervision no later than the 45th calendar day following receipt of a completed transfer request in the receiving…
BYLAWS - ARTICLE I - COMMISSION PURPOSE, FUNCTION AND BY-LAWS
Section 1. Purpose. Pursuant to the terms of the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision, (the “Compact”), the Interstate Commission for Adult Offender Supervision (the “Commission”) is established to fulfill the objectives of the Compact,…
Chapter 5: Retaking
Rules governing retaking a supervised individual under the compact of the Interstate Commission for Adult Offender Supervision
Bench Book - 4.6.1 Arrest of Absconders Who Fail to Return to Return to Sending State as Ordered
ICAOS Rules 4.111 and 5.103 also require sending states to issue nationwide arrest warrants for absconders who fail to return to the sending state in no less than fifteen (15) business days. Warrant requirements apply to supervised individuals who fail to…
Court Officials' Guide
This guide supports court professionals implementing the supervision of individuals transferring through the Compact. Topics addressed within the guide include: Who transfers through the Compact; How does a supervised individual apply for interstate…
Rule 5.108 - Probable Cause Hearing in Receiving State
(a) A supervised individual subject to retaking that may result in a revocation shall be afforded the opportunity for a probable cause hearing before a neutral and detached hearing officer in or reasonably near the place where the alleged violation…
Rule 4.109-2 - Absconding Violation
(a) If there is reasonable suspicion that a supervised individual has absconded, the receiving state shall attempt to locate the individual. Such activities shall include, but are not limited to: Documenting communication attempts directly to the…
Rule 5.102 - Mandatory Retaking for a New Felony or New Violent Crime Conviction
(a) Upon a request from the receiving state, a sending state shall retake a supervised individual from the receiving state or a subsequent receiving state after the individual’s conviction for a new felony offense or new violent crime and: completion of a…
Hearing Officer's Guide - IV. Other Considerations
Authority of Officials  Officers from the sending state are required to establish their authority to retake the supervised individual. Sending and/or receiving state officials must demonstrate the supervised individual in custody and subject to retaking…
Rule 3.105 - Pre-Release Transfer Request
(a) A sending state may submit a completed request for transfer of supervision no earlier than 120 calendar days prior to a supervised individual’s planned release from a correctional facility. (b) If a pre-release transfer request has been submitted, a…
Bench Book - 3.3.1 Time of Transfer
The Commission's rules can significantly affect the time between the final disposition of a case and the supervised individual’s ability to move to another state. Even if the supervised individual is eligible for transfer under the Compact, the court…
Bench Book - 4.3.1 Violation Reports Requiring Retaking
A receiving state is obligated to report to sending state authorities within 30 calendar days of the discovery or determination that a supervised individual has engaged in behavior requiring retaking. “Behavior requiring retaking” is defined in Rule 1.101…
Rule 3.108 - Victims’ Right to be Heard and Comment
(a) When a supervised individual submits a request to transfer to a receiving state or a subsequent receiving state, or to return to a sending state, the victim notification authority in the sending state shall inform victims of the supervised individual…
Bench Book - 2.11.1 Primary Powers of the Commission
 The powers of the Commission appear in Article V of the ICAOS. Among its primary powers, the Commission: Promulgates rules, which are binding on the states and have the force and effect of statutory law within each member state; Oversees, supervises, and…
Bench Book - 5.2.1.2 Constitutional Violations Related to ICAOS
While the Compact does not create a private right of action, this does not leave supervised individuals without recourse under Section 1983. Instead, their claims must be framed as violations of constitutionally protected rights. There are numerous…
Bench Book - 3.3.1.1 Expedited Transfers
 The Commission’s rules provide an “expedited” option, allowing a supervised individual to transfer supervision on a “pending acceptance” basis. To qualify for expedited reporting instructions, both the sending and receiving states must agree that an…
Bench Book - 3.2.1.6.3 What Constitutes Second and Subsequent Conviction of Driving While Impaired?
Special attention should be given to individuals convicted of a second or subsequent offense for driving while impaired (DUI and DWI offenses). Because state laws vary significantly in defining what constitutes a second or subsequent conviction, the…
Rule 2.107 - Furlough or Work Release
A person who is released from incarceration under furlough, work-release, or other preparole program is not eligible for transfer under the compact. History: Adopted November 3, 2003, effective August 1, 2004, amended September 11, 2024, effective…
Bench Book - 5.2.3 Claims under the Compact Itself
Some federal statutes have their own enforcement mechanism through an express or implied cause of action in the federal statute itself. See Alexander v. Sandoval, 532 U.S. 275 (2001) (applying the test through which a court determines whether a statute…
Advisory Opinion 3-2007
Whether receiving states can denying reporting instructions based on an invalid plan of supervision
Rule 3.102 - Submission of Transfer Request to a Receiving State
(a) Except as provided in sections (c) & (d), and subject to the exceptions in Rule 3.103 and 3.106, a sending state seeking to transfer a supervised individual to another state shall submit a completed transfer request with all required information…
Bench Book - 3.5.2 Travel Permits
Supervised individuals may be granted travel permits, which are defined as “written permission granted to a supervised individual authorizing travel from one state to another.” See Rule 1.101 Rule 3.110 requires a receiving state to notify the sending…
Management and Disposal of Assets 03-2007
I. Authority The Executive Committee is vested with the power to adopt a policy on behalf of the Interstate Commission during periods when the Interstate Commission is not in session. The Executive Committee oversees the day-to-day activities managed by…
Bench Book - 1.9 Recommended Sources of Compact Law and Information
For additional information on interstate Compact law and interstate Compacts generally, see Michael L. Buenger, Jeffrey B. Litwak, Michael H. McCabe & Richard L. Masters,, The Evolving Law and Use of Interstate Compacts 2d ed. (ABA Publ’g 2016) and…
Advisory Opinion 2-2010
Whether a sending state can close interest in a case if the offender's status no longer qualifies under the definition of supervision
Bench Book - 4.7.1 General Considerations
Supervised individuals, including those under ICAOS supervision, have limited rights. Conditional release is a privilege not guaranteed by the Constitution; it is an act of grace, a matter of pure discretion on the part of sentencing or corrections…
Bench Book - 2.10 Key Definitions in the ICAOS (Art II)
The following definitions should be of particular interest to judicial authorities: Adult – means both individuals legally classified as adults and juveniles treated as adults by court order, statute, or operation of law. Compact Administrator – means the…
Bench Book - 4.8 Bail Pending Return
A supervised individual subject to retaking proceedings has no right to bail. Rule 5.111 specifically prohibits any court or paroling authority in any state from admitting a supervised individual to bail pending completion of the retaking process,…
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